Engine



(No Model.) 2 5 Sheets-Sheet- 1Q H. .F. GA'SKILL. DUPLEX PUMPING ENGINE. 2 No. 322,922. Patented. July 28, 1885.

(No'ModeL) I 5 SheetsSheet 2.

H. P. GASK ILL. DUPLEX PUMPING ENGINE.

No. 322,922. Patented July 28, 1885'.

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(No Model.) 2 I 5 Sheets-Sheet 3. H. F. GASKILL.

' DUPLEX PUMPING ENGINE.

N0. 322,922. Patented July 28, 1885.

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Patented July 28,1885.

H. F. eAsKILL.

DUPLEX PUMPING ENGINE.-

N. PETERS Pholoimlngnpher. Washinqlo. 5. T.

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT UFETCE.

HARVEY F. GASKILL, or Looxronr, NEW YORK.

DUPLEX PUMPING-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,922, dated July 28, 1885.

Application filed December 4, 1884.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARVEY F. GASKILL, of Lockport, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Duplex Pumping-Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the annexed drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a steam-pump embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan view with the slide-valve and steamchest removed to show the arrangement of steam-ports. Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on line 00 x in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a perspective View of the under side of the valve. Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view of the cylindrical valve-chest and the valve-actuating mechanism. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the steamcylinders and steam-chest, and Figs. 8 and 9 are respectively end and bottom views of the cylindrical valve, and Figs. 10 to 13, inclusive, represent the motions of the cylindrical valve diagrammatically. Figs. 14 to 17, inclusive, represent the movements of the fiat valve diagrammatically.

My improvement relates to the class of engines in which the pistons move in approximately the same relative time that they would in an engine having its pistons arranged in connection with quarter-cranks, but without being supplied with the crank-shaft or fly- Wheel.

In duplex pumpingengines or steampumps as usually constructed, a valve has been provided for each engine, and the valve of one engine has been arranged to be operated by connection with moving parts of the other engine.

My invention consists in a single valve common to both steam-cylinders and arranged to work over four ports, the valve being arranged to be operated by a single valve-rod, receiving both longitudinal reciprocating motion and rotary reciprocating motion from the moving parts of the engine.

My improvement applies with equal facility to either a flat slide-valve or an oscillating cylindrical valve. In either case the valve receives four motions-two longitudinally in opposite directions, and two laterally in opposite directions.

receiving the steam supply-pipe.

(No model.)

ders B B are mounted upon a base, G, and

the water and steam cylinders are connected by four tie-rods, F F F F. The cylinders A A contain the usual steam-pistons, which are connected by rods k k with the pistons M of the pump-cylinders.

Between and above the cylinders A A is located the steam-chest H, having in the cover thereof the usual threaded aperture, L, for

The valveseat H is provided with four steam-ports, m m n n, arranged on four sides of a parallelogram, and with the exhaust-port osurrounded by the steam-ports. The steam-port m communicates with the inner end of the cylinder A.

The steam-port n communicates with theinner end of the steam-cylinder A. The port m, by a passage, m, communicates with the outer end of the cylinder A, and the port a communicates through the passage n with the outer end of the cylinder A. With this form and arrangement of valve-seat and ports it is necessary that the passages m n should cross each other in leading from the ports to the ends of the cylinders. The exhaust-port 0 communicates with the exhaustpassage 0, formed between the cylinders A A and provided with an outlet, Z, adapted to receive an exhaust-pipe. With this construction the ports m m are arranged at an angle of ninety degrees with each other and at fortyfive degrees with the center line ofthe pump- ,of the valve 1' are parallel with the ports m m n n, and the valve is capable of covering three of the ports in the valve-seat H, leaving one in communication with the valve-chest and bringing the one opposite and parallel with it into communication with the exhaust-port while the intermediate ports are closed entirely.

The valve-actuating arm 0 is attached to or formed upon the end of the valve-rod d, which extends outward from the exhaust-passage 0 through a gland, p, and the gland p is prolonged within the exhaust-chamber 0 to form asupport for the inner end of the valve-actuating-rod d. The opposite end of the valverod is supported and guided by a sleeve, 19, attached to the water-cylinders of the pumping-engine.

In the center of the space between the steamcylinders A A and the water-cylinders B B a rod, Z, is supported by posts secured to the tie-rods F F. The rod Z is arranged at right angles to the piston-rods k k, and supports two sleeves, Z Z, to which are attached the valveactuating cams a a. The piston-rodk is provided with an arm, 9, which extends therefrom at right angles toward the center of the pump and is furnished with a roller, f, which rolls in contact with the tie-rod F, and is capable of engaging the earn a during the latter half of either stroke of the piston-rod 70, so as to swing the said cam and turn the sleeve Z and the arms 0, projecting upward therefrom on opposite sides of the valve-rod d. The valve-rod d has a shoulder, against which is placed a cross-head, 2', having a transverse slot in its upper side to receive a roller, j, turning on the pin passing through the extremities of the arms 0. The cross-head i is fitted loosely to the valve-rod d, so that the valve-rod may turn therein, and it is held in position on the valve-rod by an arm, h, which is clamped on the rod and extends from the rod at right angles toward the piston-rod k. Upon the piston-rod k is secured an arm, g, which extends toward the center of the pump at right angles with the rod k, and carries at its extremity a roller, which rests upon the tie-bar F, and which is capable of engaging the cam a, so as to turn it, together with the sleeve Z, during the latter half of each stroke of the piston-rod k. The cam a and the extremity of the arm h are connected by a ball-and-socket link,e, which admits of a free movement of the arm h and the cam a in either direction.

Having thus described mechanism of this form of my improved duplex pumping-engine, I will proceed to describe its operation, and will afterward describe the application of the same principle to acylindrical valve.

Beginning with the steam -pistons in the position shown in Fig. 14, the piston in the cylinder A having just completed its stroke in the direction of the pumping-cylinder, and the piston in the cylinder A being about to move forward in the direction of the arrow, the valve 1' and valve-rod (I having been thrown forward toward the pump-cylinders by the action of the roller carried by the arm 9 on the cam a during the return movement of the piston in the cylinder A, and the valve having been thrown over toward the cylinder A by the movement of the cam a resulting from the engagement of the roller'f on the arm 9 with'the under surface of the said cam, steam enters the cylinder A through the port m. and the passage m into the outer end of the cylinder, while steam is allowed to escape from the opposite end of the cylinder through the port a and passage connected therewith to the exhaust-port 0, thence outward through the passage 0 and exhaustpipe connected with the opening Z. Then the piston in the cylinder A moves forward during the latter half of its stroke, the roller carried by the arm 9 engages the cam a at the end nearest the pump-cylindcrs and turns the said cam a, the sleeve Z, and the arm 0, so as to move the valve-rod dand valve rlongitudinally away from the pump cylinders, opening the port m and bringing the port a into communication with the exhaust-passage 0, allowing steam to enter into the front end of thecylinder A and to escape from the oppo-v site end thereof through the port a, while the ports m and n are covered.

During the latter half of the stroke of the piston in the cylinder A, under the pressure of the steam admitted through the port m, the roller f, carried by the arm 9 on the pistonrod engages the end of the cam a nearest the steam-cylinder and tilts the cam, which, by means of its ballandsocket connection with the arm h on the valve-rod (1, turns the said valve-rod so as to move the valve r laten ally into the position shown in Fig. 16, 0pening the port n, allowing steam to enter into the end of the cylinder A nearest the pumpcylinders and opening the port m, allowing steam to escape from the opposite end of the cylinder into the exhaust-port, at the same time covering the ports on and a. The piston in the cylinder A now moves forward in the direction indicated by the arrow, while the piston in the cylinder A remains stationary, and in the latter half of the stroke of the piston in the cylinder A, the roller f, carried by the arm 9 on the piston rod 70, engages the cam a, tilting the said cam, causing the valve 1 to be moved forward toward the pumpingcylinders longitudinally, opening the portn, admitting steam behind the piston in the cylinder A, and bringing the port m into communication with the exhaust-port 0, allowing steam to escape from the opposite end of the cylinder, at the same time covering the ports m and n. The valve 1' is moved laterally during the latter half of the forward movement of the piston in the cylinder A so as to open the port m and bring the port n into communication with the exhaust-port 0 and close the ports m and n, when all of the parts will be in the position shown in Fig. 14, and ready to begin another cycle of operation like that just described.

In a valve of the form just described the valve-rod enters into the exhaust-passage and operates the valve from the underside, so that the valve-rod never needs packing except to oppose the pressure of exhauststeam.

It will be noticed that the ports at m and a n are opened in rotation, and that they are in the same manner closed and brought into communication with the exhaust-port 0. With this arrangement of valve and valve-operating mechanism it is unnecessary to provide for a steam-cushion to the pistons, as any movement of the pistons beyond the prescribed limit would open the port communicating with the exhaust side of the piston and admit live steam thereto, which would arrest the motion of the piston and parts connected therewith and prevent the piston from striking the end of the cylinder.

In Figs. 5 to 13, inclusive, I have shown the adaptation of my improvement to a cylindrical steam-valve. With this form of valve it is unnecessary to have any of the steampassages cross each other in leading from the valve-ports to the ends of the cylinder.

In a cylindrical steam-chest, H, located between the steam cylinders A and A, are formed ports n m n m,in two pairs, the ports m and n being arranged obliquely and parallel with each other and at an angle of fortyfive degrees with a line drawn longitudinally along the bottom of the steam-chest, the ports m and a being oppositely arranged upon the other side of the center line of the steam-chest, as shown, the exhaust-port 0 being located between the ports m and n and m n. The valve r in this case is formed of a segment of a cylinder, and is provided in its under surface with a cavity corresponding with the cavity in the rectangular valve 1", before described. One end of the valve is angled, the edges thereof forming angles of forty-five degrees with the center line of the steam-cylinder,and the opposite end of the valve is notched with a rectangular notch corresponding in form with the opposite angled end, and also corresponding with the angles of the ports formed in the steam-chest. The valve 1' is slot-ted in the back to receive the squared portion B of the valve-rod d, and upon the rod at each end of the squared portion are secured collars for engaging the ends of the valve. The valve-rod d in this case is actuated by the same mechanism and in precisely the same manner as in the case of the rectangular valve, and the act-ion of the valve may be traced by reference to Figs. 10 to 13, inclusive.

With the valve in position (shown in Fig. 10) the port m is open, permitting steam to enter the steam-cylinder A behind the pisten or at the end remote from the pump-cylinders, and allowing it to escape from the opposite side of the piston to the exhaustport 0, through the port a and cavity in the valve o the ports at and n, communicating with the cylinder A, being closed. The piston in the cylinder A now moves forward in the direction indicated by the arrow, and during the latter half of its stroke it slides the valve-rod d, moving the valve 7' away from the pump-cylinders, opening the port m, bringing the port m into communication with the exhaust-port 0, and covering the ports m and n. Steam now being admitted behind the piston in the cylinder A, or into the end of the steam-cylinder nearest the pump-cylinders, the said piston moves in the direction of the arrow, as shown in Fig. 11, and during the latter half of its stroke it effects the turning of the valve-rod d in the manner already described, and swings the valve 1" laterally, so as to open the port n, admitting steam behind the piston in the cylinder A, or into the end nearest the pump-cylinders, and allowing it to escape from the opposite side of the piston through the port m while the ports at and a are covered. The piston in the cylinder A now moves forward in the direction indicated by the arrow, as shown/in Fig. 12, and during the latter halfof its stroke it slides the valve-rod d toward the pump-cylinders, closing the ports at and'n, opening the port n, admitting steam behind the piston in the cylinder A, and bringing the port m into communication with the exhaustport, as shown in Fig. 13. The piston in the cylinder A new moves forward in the direction indicated by the arrow, and during the latter half of its stroke the valve-rod d is turned in the manner already described, bringing the valve into the position shown in Fig. 10, thus completing the cycle of operations,which is repeated over and over in the regular working of the pump.

The pump-cylinders B are of the ordinary construction, except that a passage, I, formed integrally with the casting and communicating with the suction-chamber of the pump, is provided for receiving at the top an air-chamber, E, to prevent water-hammering in the suction-chamber or pipes.

Although I have described one method of operating the valve of my engine and one typeof valve, I do not limit nor confine my invention to this method only, as the four motions necessary to operate the valve may be effected in a variety of ways, which need not here be described in detail.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with two steam-cylinders, of a single valve-seat having ports communicating with the ends of the cylinders, and provided with an exhaust-port, and a valve adapted to cover and uncover the supplyports by making four rectilinear movements in rotation, and in like manner to bring the said supply-ports into communication with the exhaustport, substantially as herein speci= tied.

2. In a duplex pumping-engine, a valveseat having four obliquely-disposed supply- IIO ports arranged around an exhaust port, a rectangular valve, and mechanism, arranged as described, for imparting to the valve longitudinal and transverse motions in alternation, substantially as herein specified.

3. In a duplex pumping-engine, the combination, with a slide-valve capable of movement in longitudinal and transverse directions, of a single valve-rod, and mechanism for imparting to it rotary motioufrom a reciprocating part of one of the engines, and mechanism for imparting to it longitudinal motion from a reciprocating part of the other engine, substantially as herein specified.

4. The combination, with a slide-valve arranged to move alternately in two paths crossing each other, of a valve-rod entering the exhaust-passage and connected with the under surface of the valve, and mechanism for imparting longitudinal and transverse movements to the valve, substantially as herein specified.

5. The combination, with the valve-seat H", having ports m m n n, arranged around an exhaust-port, 0, and the valve 7, adapted to open and close the said ports, of direct steampassages communicating between the steam chest and the front end of the cylinders, and crossed passages m n, com municating between the steam-chest and opposite end of the cylinder, substantially as shown and described.

6. The combination, with the two steamcylinders of a duplex pumping-engine, of a single valve-chest having a va'lveseat with four supply-ports and an exhaustport, a valve adapted 'to cover and uncover supply-ports in rotation and bring them into communication with the exhaust-port in rotation, an exhaustpassage common to both cylinders, and mechanism, substantially as described, for imparting longitudinal and transverse motions to the valve, as herein specified.

7. The combination, in a duplex pumpingengine, of a valve, 7, adapted to slide on the seat H and cover and uncover the ports m m n n in rotation, a valve-rod, d, adapted to slide and turn in the gland p, and provided with an arm, 0, extending upward through the exhaustport 0 into a cavity formed in the exhaust side of the valve 1', and mechanism for imparting longitudinal and rotary reciprocating movements to the said rod, substantially as herein described.

'8. The combination, in a duplex pumping engine, of thevalve-rod d, cross-head i, mounted loosely on the rod, the cam a, and arm 0, turning on a fixed pivot, and the roller f, carried by the piston-rod k and adapted to engage the cam a during the latter half of each stroke of the piston, the cam 'a, turning on a fixed pivotarm, h, fixed to the valve-rod d, the connecting-link e, and the roller f, carried by the piston-rod k, substantially as herein specified.

9. The combination, with the valve r and valve-rod d, of two cams, a a, and two rollers, ff, carried by the piston-rods k k, the said cams arranged to receive motion from the said rollers during the latter half only of the strokes of the piston-rods, as herein specified.

10. The combination, with the rotating and sliding valve-rod d, of asleeve extending into the exhaust-passage of the engine and carrying at its inner end a bearing for the valverod and at the outer end a gland, p, substantially as described.

HARVEY F. GASKILL.

Witnesses:

A. H. WEBSTER, DAN. E. DIOGRATH. 

